a 1000 mile drive in the wrong direction :: essays research papers

As of late I have been feeling an immense hole in my life. My life journey feels as if it is goose egg than a jumbled-up mess of confusion, heartbreak, betrayal, and lies. So with a life full of loss, like any normal college student would do, I joined the pity-party bandwagon and felt sorry for myself. In my destined to roam the earth alone and useless state I was positive there was nonhing that would ever change my dreary outlook on life. I read a few books, prayed like crazy, talked to my parents, and even broke-down and sought advice from my crazy teenage sisters, besides nothing changed. Alas a light glimmered though the dark mood I was in, and there was a sliver lining of hope on the distant horizon. That light was Waldorfs very own curate Char.Im not going to lie to you (and I dont think pastor Char will be opposed to me rotund the truth) -I went to her in desperation. I dont know what it is about the pastor title, but I guess you just assume that they will instantly con secrate everything better. Alas my assumptions failed me, Pastor Char did not have an answer to all the problems consuming my life or magic prayer that cured everything ailing me, but she did have a good dose of something that I think a lot of people need- trustyy. I know it sounds crazy, but Pastor Char does not know everything. Fortunately she does have great insight, and I as I have found that I am not the only one in a bit of a faith struggle I have decided to share what I found with you. Bad advice is still advice, so pretend it for what it is and enjoy my pearls of knowledge (with a little help form Pastor Char).There are several times when the Bible talks about matinee idol sending people into the wilderness for some sort of faith journey. As I understand it, some poor lost soul wanders into the woods to engender a new relationship with God, and wham bam thank you Maam, theyre healed. I read a bunch of these wilderness journey stories and, well to be honest I thought they were crap- I know I am in dangerous territory at a Christian college, but no worries my doubter friendsI will vindicate my harsh accusations. My problem lies in the journey, or lack there of.

Middle Age Entertainers :: Art

position Age EntertainersBoth entertainment and education have been integrals parts of the human experience since the beginnings of time. umteen scholars insist that the two institutions often servejointly, with entertainers and entertainment serving as a main source of education. There is little argument, then, that in addition to chiefly appealing to the masses, entertainers have regularly fulfilled the role of a teacher to typically unsuspecting audiences. Entertainers have served as educators byout history, from the origins of oral narratives through the Middle Ages. The earliest forms of unwritten communication were essentially use to spread knowledge from one source to another. Religious disciplines were the first information passed from person to person through entertainment. In the third century B.C., Buddhist monks tried to win converts outside India through the use of theater and song (Burdick 97). They taught the precepts of Siddhartha and Buddha in such theatrical epi cs as Ramayana and Mahabharata, setting exacting rules for theater performance in the process (Burdick 99). Similarly, Irish monks established singing schools, which taught uniform use of music throughout the church (Young 31). by dint of chants which were all the same, they spread identical teachings. Christian psalms and hymns in Apostolic times were sung to spread the knowledge and faith of Christianity. In fact, Christianity was promoted from the start by music. Churches were for long the only centers of learning, with monks teaching all lessons through music (Young 39). Through the use of sacred music, monks and clergy successfully spread the teachings of their religions in a practical manner. Entertainers used the theater as a place to tell the stories of the day, both fictional and topical. The African oral tradition was rich in folk tales, myths, riddles, and proverbs, serving a religious, social, and economic function (Lindfors 1). Likewise, Asian actors covered their face s with masks in order to act out a scandal of the day without the audience knowing who was passing along the gossip (Archer 76). European puppets were another medium which permitted entertainers to spread current gossip without revealing the identity of the storyteller (Speaight 16). The theatrical productions of the Greeks further explored the use of theater as an instructional tool. Because the theater provided such a diverse forum for expression, stage actors and playwrights consistantly utilized this locale to eduate the general public. Oral communication was widely used to indoctrinate society about morals and basic truths.

Tragedy in Allen Ginsberg’s Sunflower Sutra and Tom Waits’ Small Change :: Sunflower Sutra

Tragedy in Allen Ginsbergs Sunflower Sutra and tom turkey Waits wasted ChangeIn both Allen Ginsbergs Sunflower Sutra and Tom Waits subtile Change, tragedy is the major premise for the sad and melancholy t iodin the authors share. In his poem, Ginsberg describes the fall of a mighty flower, the sunflower. Once a superb yellow-bellied beacon of life, it now is broken like a battered cr let. Having been covered by the dirt and grime of effort, by human ingenuity, this sunflower is in truth representing a demise in humanity. Rather than choosing nature as a prime example for life, choosing the perfect beauty of a sunflower, we move over chosen industry and technology, and have forgotten that we are flowers. Ginsberg berates the dust and grime which have rained down from the locomotives onto my sunflower O my soul and wonders when did you forget you were a flower? This poem actually is non about a flower, but the tragedy of losing ones inner beauty, the vivacity and brightness wh ich makes one shine. Thus Ginsberg delivers his sermon of my soul to whoever shall listen in hopes that we, unalike the sunflower, do not turn gray in despair and gloom but shine brightly among the soot of the world we live in (Ginsberg 36-37). in addition to Sunflower Sutra, the lyrics from Small Change pose a tragedy, which, though more concrete of a scene, shares all the gloom and weariness of the gray sunflower. In a Ginsberg-esque lyrical style, Tom Waits rambles through his lyrics (his mind), posing vivid descriptions of the depths of life. His victim is not a flower, but someone by the name of Small Change, who, when killed by his own thirty-eight, gains the headstone of a gumball machine on the street. The real tragedy in this song lies in the first line of the third verse And no ones gone over to close his eyes. Though there is enough cruelty in the world to kill Small Change for a handful of dollars, there is not enough kindness to shut his eyes to the cruelty which has s lain him.Tragedy in Allen Ginsbergs Sunflower Sutra and Tom Waits Small Change Sunflower SutraTragedy in Allen Ginsbergs Sunflower Sutra and Tom Waits Small ChangeIn both Allen Ginsbergs Sunflower Sutra and Tom Waits Small Change, tragedy is the major premise for the sad and melancholy tone the authors share. In his poem, Ginsberg describes the fall of a mighty flower, the sunflower. Once a bright yellow beacon of life, it now is broken like a battered crown. Having been covered by the dirt and grime of industry, by human ingenuity, this sunflower is really representing a demise in humanity. Rather than choosing nature as a prime example for life, choosing the perfect beauty of a sunflower, we have chosen industry and technology, and have forgotten that we are flowers. Ginsberg berates the dust and grime which have rained down from the locomotives onto my sunflower O my soul and wonders when did you forget you were a flower? This poem really is not about a flower, but the tragedy of losing ones inner beauty, the vivacity and brightness which makes one shine. Thus Ginsberg delivers his sermon of my soul to whoever shall listen in hopes that we, unlike the sunflower, do not turn gray in despair and gloom but shine brightly among the soot of the world we live in (Ginsberg 36-37). Similarly to Sunflower Sutra, the lyrics from Small Change pose a tragedy, which, though more concrete of a scene, shares all the gloom and weariness of the gray sunflower. In a Ginsberg-esque lyrical style, Tom Waits rambles through his lyrics (his mind), posing vivid descriptions of the depths of life. His victim is not a flower, but someone by the name of Small Change, who, when killed by his own thirty-eight, gains the headstone of a gumball machine on the street. The real tragedy in this song lies in the first line of the third verse And no ones gone over to close his eyes. Though there is enough cruelty in the world to kill Small Change for a fistful of dollars, there is not eno ugh kindness to shut his eyes to the cruelty which has slain him.

Diabetes Mellitus Essay -- Health, Diseases

Diabetes refers to a set of several different diseases. It is a serious health problem throughout the world and quaternate leading cause of death by disease in the country. All shells of diabetes result in too much sugar, or glucos in the blood. To understand why this happens it would helpful if we understand how the clay usually works. When we eat, our body breaks down the food into simpler forms such as glucose. The glucose goes into the bloodstream, where it then travels to all the cells in your body. The cells use the glucose for energy. Insulin, a endocrine made by the pancreas, helps move the glucose from bloodstream to the cells. The pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus further explains the concept on how this disease works. Pancreas plays an important role of the metabolism of glucose by means of secreting the hormones insulin and glucagon. These hormones where then secreted by Islets of Langerhans directly to the blood. Inadequate secretion of insulin results on impai red metabolism of glucose, carbohydrates, proteins and fats which then result to hyperglycemia and glycosuria. Hyperglycemia is the most frequently observed sign of diabetes and is considered the etiological source of diabetic complications both in the body and in the eye. On the other hand, glucagon is the hormone that opposes the act of insulin. It is secreted when blood glucose levels fall. There are two types of diabetes. The type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is referred to as dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), or juvenile onset diabetes mellitus. The pancreas undergo an autoimmune attack by the body itself, and is rendered incapable of making insulin. It is in type 1 diabetes where abnormal antibodies are normally found. Antibodies are proteins in... ...e magnificence of taking nutritious foods and multivitamins, try to stop insobriety coffee for two or three days. Eating regular well balanced meals. Avoid fast-food lifestyle that can cause great fluctuation in blood sugar. Lastly, the patient will be able to describe the benefits of regular exercise and how regular exercise can improve blood glucose control. They should know the importance of relaxation and exercises, deep breathing which are popular ways to relieve stress and to avoid strenuous physical activity. Meditations, yoga are good ways of relieving stress.Therefore, accomplishment about the concept of diabetes in general is very important to prevent further complications of other critical diseases. It is best to understand and to stress out the importance of good nutrition, exercise, diet, healthy active lifestyle to the improvement for someones well being.

Gene Therapy Research :: Science Genetics Health Essays

gene Therapy Research The National Institute of Health and the Food and Drug governance ar the government bodies responsible for the regulation of element therapy experimentation. The NIH oversees gene therapy clinical trials through the NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules and the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RAC). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) also oversees the trials through such regulatory measures as scientific review, testing, and inspection.10 Following the death of Jesse Gelsinger, the Advisory Committee to the Working Group on NIH Oversight of clinical Gene Therapy Research was established to examine the purpose and role of the NIH in gene therapy regulation. It made several recommendations, many of which were adopted by the NIH as amendments to its explore guidelines.12 In March of 2000, two initiatives by the FDA and the NIH were announced by the Department of Health and Human Services to increase protection for individuals involved in gene therapy experiments. The first initiative, the Gene Therapy Clinical Trial Monitoring Plan, requires that the sponsors of gene therapy studies regularly submit their monitoring plans to the FDA for review. The FDA will also inspect clinical trials to insure that the plans atomic number 18 being followed, and any problems are managed. In addition, scientists see in gene therapy will be gathered to discuss monitoring practices at conferences of the inspectors. The second initiative, the Gene Transfer Safety Symposia, includes a series of symposia that take place four times a year to discuss gene therapy data, inviting some of the most experienced authorities in their respective fields. The NIH and FDA are also providing support for other organizations interested in holding safety conferences on the topic of gene therapy.12Proposed look backward Process3 The guidelines of the NIH for gene therapy research have also changed since 2000. In one am endment to the guidelines governing gene transfer research, the NIH altered the way research subjects are enrolled for gene therapy experiments. below the amendment, clinical trial protocols must be submitted to the NIH Office of Biotechnological Activities (OBA) for RAC review, and the RAC must finish its review before the local Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC) gives its approval to the trial. Subjects for research hindquarters only be accepted once the IBC and the International Review Board, IRB, approve the trial.

Gene Therapy Research :: Science Genetics Health Essays

Gene Therapy Research The National Institute of Health and the fodder and dose Administration are the government bodies responsible for the regulation of gene therapy experimentation. The NIH oversees gene therapy clinical trials through the NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules and the Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee (RAC). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) also oversees the trials through such regulatory measures as scientific review, testing, and inspection.10 Following the death of Jesse Gelsinger, the Advisory Committee to the Working Group on NIH Oversight of Clinical Gene Therapy Research was established to examine the purpose and role of the NIH in gene therapy regulation. It made several recommendations, many of which were adopted by the NIH as amendments to its research guidelines.12 In March of 2000, two initiatives by the FDA and the NIH were announced by the Department of Health and Human Services to increase protection f or individuals entangled in gene therapy experiments. The first initiative, the Gene Therapy Clinical Trial Monitoring Plan, requires that the sponsors of gene therapy studies regularly submit their monitoring plans to the FDA for review. The FDA will also inspect clinical trials to insure that the plans are being followed, and any problems are managed. In addition, scientists experienced in gene therapy will be gathered to discuss monitoring practices at conferences of the inspectors. The second initiative, the Gene Transfer Safety Symposia, includes a series of symposia that take place four times a year to discuss gene therapy data, inviting approximately of the most experienced authorities in their respective fields. The NIH and FDA are also providing support for other organizations interested in holding safety conferences on the content of gene therapy.12Proposed Review Process3 The guidelines of the NIH for gene therapy research have also changed since 2000. In one amendment to the guidelines governing gene transfer research, the NIH altered the way research subjects are enrolled for gene therapy experiments. Under the amendment, clinical trial protocols must be submitted to the NIH Office of Biotechnological Activities (OBA) for RAC review, and the RAC must finish its review before the local Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC) gives its sycophancy to the trial. Subjects for research can only be accepted once the IBC and the International Review Board, IRB, approve the trial.

Propaganda in indoctrinating Nazi ideals Essay

The national socialist propaganda after the consolidation of power featured more of the common characteristics associated with totalitarian propaganda Twisted truths, sterile and distorted pictures of populace groups, simple messages repeated frequently and the use of a common enemy as a scapegoat. Also the Nazi propaganda featured many new methods of indoctrination, such as the mass rally meetings and the extensive radio propaganda. But how successful where these ways in conveying and convincing people of Nazi ideals? That is the question which I plan to investigate in my essay.The propaganda campaign launched by the Nazi government was headed by the brilliant orator Joseph Goebbels which was put as Reich minister of religion for Public Enlightenment and Propaganda where he coordinated the seven different departments administration and organization, propaganda, radio, press, films, theatre, and adult education. From the department Goebbels controlled all aspects of Nazi propagand a, and since he was such a right propagandist almost all parts of the propaganda campaign, especially the radio, became huge successes.Of all the medias available to Goebbels his unquestionable favourite was the radio- the peoples receiver. Goebbels wanted to ensure that every home in Germany was equipped with a Volksempfnger from which they could listen to propaganda at all times of day. Prices where slashed and in the late 1930 the Germans could boast having the cheapest radios in the world. Radios where even put up in working places and public areas to ensure a maximal amount of listeners. And due to the large effort put into the campaign it became one of the most successful, by 1940 16 million households in Germany listened to Nazi Propaganda via the radio.Another effective way of supplying propaganda to the German people, was ,in theory, by the use of the censored press. In the beginning the press remained comparatively unchanged, propaganda message where inserted in some maga zine and papers, but most of the press friendly towards the regime remained unchanged, at least in the beginning. Soon Nazis propaganda was found in every page in every paper and by 1945 the Nazis ran 82% of all the newspapers in print.

Declaration of Independence vs. Gettysburg Address Essay

The Declaration of Independence and the Gettysburg encompass atomic number 18 glimpses into Americas history. They were create verbally in devil different clock periods Americas prototypal years in 1776 and the gracious War in the 1800s. Despite their time gap, they are similar because they both explain to the reader what is going on during their time period. However, the earth was going through different events and so these two enters are diverse as well. Both The Declaration of Independence and the Gettysburg Address were written during multiplication of turmoil and change for the country.Both occurred during a time of war in which America was combat for liberty and freedoms. During the Revolutionary War, the United States was trying to become a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. It was battling for independence and the right to govern them in a way that would in reality benefit the country and its communit y. So in 1776 when The Declaration of Independence was written, the country fought for freedom for themselves.During the Civil War, the country was divided in two, one half of the country grappleing against the other half. They were independent as a country, just this time they were fighting for freedom for othersthe African-American slaves. In a way though, America was fighting for equality both times. The first was equal treatment for the British citizens and American colonists. The second time, the country was fighting for equal treatment for all men, no national what skin color. Both these eras were a time of testing for the United States.The Revolutionary War period determined whether the states would actually be able to achieve independence. The Civil War was a test to see if America would be able to keep that independence. President Abraham Lincoln spoke about this in his Gettysburg Address we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. These two documents are similar because they are both written about a time of battle which tested Americas strength. The Declaration of Independence and Gettysburg Address are different for several reasons.For one, The Declaration of Independence is a statement while the Gettysburg Address was a speech. The authors were also targeting different audiences. The Declaration of Independence was written mostly for themselves, but also for the British government. The Declaration stated the sentiments of the thirteen colonies and the causes which impel them to the separation. This clarified where the people stood in regards to their independence. This was for the benefit and organization of the country, but also for the British to know that the Americans were not giving up on independence.The Gettysburg Address was a speech given by President Abraham Lincoln to the people of America. The Civil War was not an international conflict, but rather on e inside the nation. The speech was aimed for encouraging and touching the hearts of the American people. Lincoln cute them to not give up on the cause they were fighting for, but to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us. In the Gettysburg Address, the president was appealing to the peoples emotions in order to boost their war effort. This is another difference it has with The Declaration of Independence.The Declaration of Independence appealed to the British government about rights that the people ought to have. The olfactory perception of the Gettysburg Address is more personal since Lincolns goal was to en braveness the people. Lincoln achieves a personal tone by speaking about the brave men who fought in the recent battle. The Declaration of Independence, on the other hand, was written as a political document with a formal tone. It lists the main reasons why the people were demanding independence, which were mostly due to Great Britains offenses against the c olonies.The Declaration of Independence and the Gettysburg Address are very discrete because they were appealing to different audiences and written in different tones. The Declaration of Independence and the Gettysburg Address have several similarities and differences. Although they were written during different time periods, they both fight for liberty, freedom, and equality. However, the two documents, one a statement and the other a letter, were targeted at different audiences. This results in differing tones. One thing similar, both documents were written with a courage and passion for the goal it was fighting for.

Yahoo and Alibaba

3. How has the strategic value of Yahoo to Alibaba changed over time since 2005? 2005 was a tough year for Alibaba. Because of the US$100 million enthronisation in mainland China by eBay, Alibaba and its subsidiary Taobao fell into a severe price war against eBay which hindered the profitability of the group and much more capital was required for operational and technological improvement in order to win the battle. Under this circumstance, Alibaba formed a partnership with Yahoo Inc. Yahoo invested US$1 meg in Alibaba and transferred the birthership of Yahoo China to Alibaba.In return, Yahoo got a 40% stake and 35% voting rights in Alibaba. Beside the cash injection, another reason for the institution of the partnership was that Alibaba valued much on the importance of search engine for its e-commerce work. At that time, owing Yahoo China was a competitive advantage of Alibaba against eBay. At that time, Yahoo had much strategic value to Alibaba due to its large capital base an d technology to help Alibaba safeguard its foodstuff share under eBays attack. However, the operation of Yahoo China under Alibaba was unsatisfactory.Since 2005, Yahoo China has been losing its market share and lagging behind its rivals. Although Alibaba tried to re-orientate it as more business-oriented to grasp the market niche, the effort was in vain. The influence of Yahoo China in the search engine market in China diminished. Hence, it failed to draw attention of potential customers of Alibaba and was not capable to bring enough benefit to Alibaba leading to a fall in strategic value of Yahoo. Even for the parent of Yahoo China Yahoo Inc. , the story was more or less the same.The net income of Yahoo dropped 78% in the first quarter of 2009 which resulted in a massive layoff. delinquent to the low profitability, Yahoo formed a 10-year agreement with Microsoft. Under this contract, Yahoo had to adopt Microsofts search technology (Bing) instead of its own technology in all Yaho os website. Similarly, Yahoo agreed to use Googles search engine in Yahoo Japan (search ads platform). In other words, it surrendered its own searching technology which Alibaba valued most. Search engine is important to e-commerce companies.As many people use search engine like Google, Yahoo, Bing etc. to get catch results of their queries, a smart search engine washbasin allocate much traffic to the e-commerce website by placing their website on the top of result pages so that potential customers can be created. Now that Yahoo lost its own search engine, it may only be able to provide support to Alibaba under Microsofts constraints which was flimsy to be what Alibaba wants and thus lowering Yahoos strategic value. Unlike the poor performance of Yahoo, the profit of Alibaba surged after the partnership.Apart from being the market leader in China, Alibaba started to expand its business overseas in 2008. For instance, it formed a partnership with Informedia India Limited set up Ali baba Japan, a joint venture with Softbank to foray and launched AliExpress in US etc. All these new strategies had no correlation with its partner Yahoo Inc. These revealed that Alibaba was keen on developing new relationships with overseas companies to enter unusual markets. Due to the poor relationship with Yahoo, Alibaba no longer seek cooperation with it and the strategic value of Yahoo further diminished.Because of the poor performance of Yahoo China, Alibaba started to provide Sogou (a topical anaesthetic search engine) in addition to Bing for its customers. This probably made Yahoos market share further decrease as customers no longer ingest to choose Yahoo Chinas Etao as the only access to Alibaba and they can opt for Sogou Shopping instead. Even Alibaba loses Yahoo China, it still has its new bear to reach its potential customers. It seems that Yahoo has lost its role as an exclusive search engine of Alibaba and lost its strategic value meanwhile.

Abigail Adams by Janet Whitney

Throughout our lives we urinate heard how women throughout history strived to become the best. We have heard stories about women going a turn a profitst society to gain equal rights and we have read about woman with extraordinary character that pursued the history of this foundation. One of these women is Abigail transports, the only woman so far to be both wife and mother of a president. Sadly, however, Abigail Adams by Janet Whitney is far from being a biography of her biography. Janet Whitney arranges her material in chronological presentation. She starts from how Abigail Adams and tush Adams fell in love and got married.She continues on with the biography describing how John Adams came to presidency as Abigail Adams gave birth to his kids one by one. The occasion chose wisely to arrange her material in chronological order it helped better understand that time period. Janet Whitney didnt make any assumptions about the knowledge of the reader, therefore carefully describing each and every event during the life of Abigail and John Adams. The events were detailed and included many direct quotes from the diary of John Adams. Therefore, it was easier to visualize the majority of the important events during the American Revolution.In society (the modern world especially) more and more females are looking to research on historical female figures that had an impact on the world. Janet Whitney intended to write this book for the female cosmos but failed to interest them in the midst of the biography. The title of the biography is enough to attract and spark an interest in the reader, but as the reader continues reading, he/she will be filled with nonhing but questions and disappointment. Up until the middle of the biography, Abigail Adams is mentioned only when she becomes pregnant with John Adams babies.The rest of the first fractional of the biography is an in- enlightenment illustration of John Adams accomplishments. Abigail Adams is mentioned as merely a sidekick to John Adams success and a peachy companion. She is described as the well-nigh intellectual woman John Adams has ever met. Throughout the book the author describes in great depth and detail about the history that took place during the time of John and Abigail Adams. She seems to have great knowledge on the American Revolution and describes many detailed descriptions about John Adams life.Although the author does describe the events leading up to the American Revolution, the author fails to depict the role of Abigail Adams in the lives of her husband and others. I believe that the author thinks of Abigail Adams as an unflattering topic, which is ironic because the author decided to write a biography about her. The author wrote the biography in a way that seems equivalent John Adams is the highlight of the life of Abigail Adams and that Abigail Adams was a small influence in the road to presidency for John Adams.The opinions of the author are not directly states in the biography. only when there are certain parts of the book that shows an indirect opinion of Abigail Adams. As quoted in the biography, the author writes, She freely expresses her longing to see himshe freely expresses her dependability on himand the extent to how much she needs him in her life. (Whitney page 113). The author believes that Abigail Adams felt like she needed John Adams in her life because she relied on him so much. Nowhere in biography does the author cite specific evidence as to why and where Abigail would say this.This also highlights the statement I said previously, the author believes Abigail to be an unflattering topic. The quote above describes Abigail as a needy, un-intellectual woman. The majority of the information the author used were from letters and diaries and biographies of other important historical figures much(prenominal) as John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, John Jay, and Thomas Hutchinson. Most of the biography was filled with quotes from first hand sources as the diary of Thomas Jefferson and letters write by John Adams.The quotes mostly described the setting of the time period rather than the important details. For example, it described the physical appearances of Abigail and John Adams and described the major and nipper details of the houses and towns they lived in. The author did an excellent job at giving the reader a window into the time in which Abigail Adams lived. The historical documents used as a reference for the writing of this biography were everlastingly quotes to give us a visual as to what events were taking place. The author wrote pages describing a single certain event.Janet Whitney would not only quote from her first- hand sources, but she would describe and explain the quote as well to prevent any confusion. For example, Janet Whitney quotes in the biography, The flame is kindled and like lightning it catches from soul to soul. Although the mind is shocked at the thought of shedding human blood, more es pecially the blood of our countrymen and a civil war is of all wars the most dreadful This creates a visual picture inside the readers head of how gory and gruesome the battles and fights were.Overall, I did not enjoy reading this biography. I was looking frontwards to learning about Abigail Adams and her influence on American history but as I read I was constantly disappointed. I didnt realize that the whole book would be based on John Adams and how much of an effect he had on Abigail Adams life rather than how much of an effect Abigail Adams had in America. The biography was also written in an un-interesting way. It felt as if the author was just throwing information inside the text without putting effort into making it sound interesting.While reading the biography I would read over legion(predicate) mentioning of dates, times, cities, towns and names of random village men who are irrelevant to the life of Abigail Adams. This biography was a complete disappoint to its feminist a udience. Throughout our lives we have always heard about how much of an extraordinary person Abigail Adams was but none of that is depicted in this biography. I look forward to reading an actual biography of Abigail Adams a biography that doesnt portray Abigail Adams as someone whos constantly reliant on her husband.

Analytical Reading “The Luncheon” by Somerset Maugham Essay

The text under analysis belongs to the pen of William Somerset Maugham, the one of the best k forthwithn English writers of the 20th century. He was not only a novelist, but also one of the most successful dramatist and short-story writers. He was born in Paris in 1874. His parents died when he was very young. The boy was taken away from the French school, and went for his lessons daily to the apartment of the English clergyman at the church, then he was sent to England to attend school. In 1890 he went abroad and studied at the University of Heidelberg from which he returned to England in 1892 and became a medical student at St. Thomass hospital in London. subsequently that Somerset decided to devote his life to literature. I didnt want to be a doctor. I didnt want to be any function but a writer. The technique of the short story had always interested Maugham. Somerset Maugham has written 24 plays, 19 novels and a large number of short stories.At the beginning of the text the narra tor, who is the authors mouthpiece here recognizes a womanhood with whom he had a lunch several years ago. Then he starts remembering that unforgettable evening He was a young man, living in Paris and could barely keep body and soul together. She had read his intensity and wrote a letter to him, expressing her wish to have with him a little tiffin at Foyots a very expensive restaurant. He couldnt hypothesize no to a woman and invited her for lunch. He had only eighty francs to outlive him the rest of the month. To his horror she ordered one expensive dish after another. He paid the bill and was left with no money at all. However, at the end of the story, the narrator feels that he has finally had his revenge when he sees that the lady has mark on a lot of weight. Compositionally the story falls into 3 parts. The story begins with the exposition, which extends over the first several paragraphs. At the beginning of the text the narrator sees a woman at the theatre in many years since they first met and can hardly recognize her.Then the author presents a flashback to the past which goes to the last paragraph with a help of the conviction Did I remember? which allows us to know what had happened many years ago. Here we learn about the place of operation and its time. The reviewer gets informationabout the events, preceding the meeting of the main characters and also understands that the narrator was a very poor man. Then come complications, opened with the sentence She was not so young as I expected and in appearance imposing rather than attractive. The action takes place in the restaurant. Here the reader learns more about the characters. The author describes how this lady enjoys the meal, ordering the most expensive dishes and he is wondering about the bill. The bill was finally paid and the narrator effectuate himself with not a penny left in his pocket for the whole month.After it the author comes back to the present time and here comes the climax. Now, after 20 years had passed by, the narrator has had his revenge at last because Today she weighs twenty-one stone. This story is a first-person narrative. The dialogues are predominant in the complications the biggest part of the text. The oecumenic atmosphere of the text is emotional and ironical (even the title The Luncheon is ironical, because the word luncheon means a light snack, but in occurrence it turned to be an abundant and very expensive meal), but also strained (I watched the abandoned woman discombobulate them down her throat in large voluptuous mouthfuls, and in my polite way I discoursed on the condition of the drama in the Balkans. Panic seized me. It was not a question now of how much money I should have left over for the rest of the month, but whether I had enough to pay the bill.).The tone of this story is ironical. The author uses cypher (But I was flattered, and I was too young to have learned to say no to a woman I watched the abandoned woman thrust t hem down her throat) and indirect methods of characterization. The characters are presented through their actions, descriptions of the outward appearance and things that surround the characters. The waiter might be called a minor character. To my mind the woman is smart, gluttonous, selfish, cold, indiscreet. She is a villain who serves a foil to the protagonist. By constantly repeating her ironic expression I never eat more than one thing she emphasized the conflict between what she says and what she does. The author the protagonist, is a poor, kind, honest and sincere man. The authors style is vivid, clear and emotional. The author uses stylistic devices sparingly. In my aspect there is an external conflict in this story.The theme of this story is appearance against reality. Everything in thestory is not really what it seems to be. The narrator expected to have a little luncheon with a beautiful lady. But it turned to be an expensive meal with an unattractive woman. This woman repeats I never eat anything for luncheon, but eats everything she can. I think that the authors message the appearance is not yet the reality is very important and relevant today.

HEALTH INSURANCE SECTOR IN INDIA: CURRENT SCENARIO Essay

1.1 Introduction wellness and wellness bearing need to be distinguished from each other for no get out reason than that the former is often incorrectly seen as a direct function of the latter. Heath is clearly not the mere absence of disease. Good wellness confers on a person or themes freedom from sicklyness and the ability to realize ones potential. wellness is in that locationfore best to a lower placestood as the indispensable basis for defining a persons sensory faculty of well being. The health of populations is a distinct key issue in unexclusive policy discourse in every mature society often determining the deployment of huge society.They include its cultural understanding of ill health and well-being, extremity of socio-economic disparities, reach of health work and step and costs of help. and current bio-mcdical understanding about health and illness. Health cargon runs not merely medical c be but too all aspects pro preventive c atomic number 18 too. Nor c an it be mended to share rendered by or financed out of public expenditure- indoors the government arena alone but mustinclude incentives and disincentives for self care and care paid for by occult citizens to get over ill health.Where, as in India, private out-of-pocket expenditure dominates the cost financing health care, the effects are bound t be regressive. Heath care at its essential core is all-inclusively recognized to be a public good. Its demand and supply cannot therefore, be left to be regulated and when by the invisible had of the market. Nor can it be established on considerations of utility maximizing conduct alone.1 Health insurance policy in a narrow sense would be an individual or group purchasing health care pass crosswaysage in advance by paying a fee called amplitude.In its broader sense, it would be any arrangement that helps to defer, delay, reduce or altogether avoid fee for health care incurred by individuals and households. prone the appropri ateness of this definition in the Indian context, this is the definition, we would adopt. The health insurance market in India is very limited cover song about 10% of the total population. 1.2 HypothesisThe Researcher assumes that all projections of health care in India must in the end rest on the overall changes in its political economy on progress made in poverty mitigation (health care to the poor) in reduction of inequalities (health inequalities affecting access/quality), in generation of employment /income streams (to facilitate capacity to pay and to fancy individual responsibility for ones health ) in public information and development communication (to promote preventive self care and jeopardy reduction by conducive behavior styles ) and in personal life style changes. 1.3 Research MethodologyIn this endeavour, both primary and secondary sources of info have been used to prepare the present paper. Further, it must be noted that the present paper discusses in detail th e Indian position in this regard. 1.4 target The purpose of this paper is to study the Situation exists in a scenario where health care is financed through general tax revenue, society financing, out of pocket honorarium and sociable and private health insurance arrangements.1.5 Scope The Scope this Research is limited to the extent of Indian position in this regard, speckle ignoring the foreign Scope.Chapter-2Health indemnityHealth insurance in a narrow sense would be an individual or group purchasing health care coverage in advance by paying a fee called premium. In its broader sense, it would be any arrangement that helps to defer, delay, reduce or altogether avoid hire for health care incurred by individuals and households. Given the appropriateness of this definition in the Indian context, this is the definition, we would adopt. The health insurance market in India is very limited covering about 10% of the total population2. The existing schemes can be categorized as (1) unbidden health insurance schemes or private-for-profit schemes (2) Employer- found schemes(3) redress offered by NGOs / community based health insurance, and (4) Mandatory health insurance schemes or government run schemes(namely ESIS, CGHS).32.1 Voluntary health insurance schemes or private-for-profit schemesIn private insurance, buyers are willing to pay premium to an insurance company that pools people with similar risks and insures them for health expenses. The key distinction is that the premiums are set at a level, which provides a profit to third party and provider institutions. Premiums are based on an assessment of the risk status of the consumer (or of the group of employees) and the level of benefits provided, rather than as a proportion of the consumers income. 4In the public sector, the General indemnification Corporation (GIC) and its four subsidiary companies (National insurance policy Corporation, New India Assurance party, Oriental Insurance Company and Unite d Insurance Company) and the Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) of India provide voluntary insuranceschemes.The Life Insurance Corporation offers Ashadeep platform II and Jeevan Asha Plan II. The General Insurance Corporation offers Personal Accident policy, Jan Arogya policy, Raj Rajeshwari policy, Mediclaim policy, everywhereseas Mediclaim policy, Cancer Insurance policy, Bhavishya Arogya policy and Dreaded Disease policy (Srivastava 1999 as quoted in Bhat R & Malvankar D, 2000)Of the various schemes offered, Mediclaim is the main product of the GIC. The Medical Insurance Scheme or Mediclaim was introduced in November 1986 and it covers individuals and groups with persons aged 5 80 yrs. Children (3 months 5 yrs) are cover with their parents. This scheme provides for reimbursement of medical expenses (now offers cashless scheme) by an individual towards hospitalization and domiciliary hospitalization as per the sum insured.There are exclusions and pre-existing disease clauses. Pr emiums are calculated based on age and the sum insured, which in turn varies from Rs 15 000 to Rs 5 00 000. In 1995/96 about half a zillion Mediclaim policies were issued with about 1.8 million beneficiaries (Krause Patrick 2000). The coverage for the year 2000-01 was around 7.2 million.Another scheme, namely the Jan Arogya Bima policy specifically targets the poor population groups. It also covers reimbursement of hospitalization costs up to Rs 5 000 p.a. for an individual premium of Rs 100 a year. The same exclusion mechanisms apply for this scheme as those under the Mediclaim policy. A family discount of 30% is granted, but there is no group discount or agent commission. However, the likes of the Mediclaim, this policy too has had only limited success. The Jan Arogya Bima Scheme had only covered 400 000 individuals by 1997.The year 1999 marked the beginning of a new era for health insurance in the Indian context. With the passing of the Insurance Regulatory developing say-so B ill (IRDA) the insurance sector was opened to private and foreign participation, thereby paving the way for the entry of private health insurance companies. The Bill also facilitated the establishment of an authority to protect the interests of the insurance holders by regulating, promoting and ensuring orderly growth of the insurance industry. The billallows foreign promoters to hold paid up capital of up to 26 percent in an Indian company and requires them to have a capital of Rs 100 crore along with a business plan to begin its operations.Currently, a few companies such(prenominal) as Bajaj Alliance, ICICI, Royal Sundaram, and Cholamandalam among others are offering health insurance schemes. The nature of schemes offered by these companies is described briefly.5Bajaj Allianz Bajaj Allianz offers three health insurance schemes namely, Health Guard, Critical Illness Policy and Hospital Cash Daily Allowance Policy. The Health Guard scheme is obtainable to those aged 5 to 75 days (not allowing entry for those over 55 years of age), with the sum assured ranging from Rs 100 0000 to 500 000.It offers cashless benefit and medical reimbursement for hospitalization expenses (preand post-hospitalization) at various hospitals across India (subject to exclusions and conditions). In case the member opts for hospitals besides the empanelled ones, the expenses incurred by him are reimbursed within 14 working days from submission of all the documents.While pre-existing diseases are excluded at the time of taking the policy, they are covered from the 5th year onwards if the policy is continuously renewed for four years and the same has been declared while taking the policy for the rootage time. other(a) discounts and benefits like tax exemption, health check-up at end of four claims free year, etc. can be availed of by the insured. The Critical Illness policy pays benefits in case the insured is diagnosed as suffering from any of the listed critical events and survives for minimum of 30 days from the date of diagnosis. The illnesses covered include first heart attack Coronary artery disease requiring surgery stroke cancer kidney failure major organ transplantation two-fold sclerosis surgery on aorta primary pulmonary arterial hypertension, and paralysis. While exclusion clauses apply, premium rates are competitive and lavishly-sum insurance can be opted for by the insured. The Hospital Cash Daily Allowance Policy provides cash benefit for each and every realised day of hospitalization, due to sickness or shot. The amount payable per day is dependant on the selected scheme. Dependant spouseand children (aged 3 months 21years) can also be covered under the Policy. The benefits payable to the dependants are linked to that of insured.The Policy pays for a maximum single hospitalization period of 30 days and an overall hospitalization period of 30/60 completed days per policy period per person regardless of the number of confinements to hospital/n ursing home per policy period. ICICI Lombard ICICI Lombard offers Group Health Insurance Policy.This policy is available to those aged 5 80 years, (with children being covered with their parents) and is given to corporate bodies, institutions, and associations. The sum insured is minimum Rs 15 000/- and a maximum of Rs 500 000/-. The premium chargeable depends upon the age of the person and the sum insured selected. A slab wise group discount is admissible if the group size exceeds 100. The policy covers reimbursement of hospitalization expenses incurred for diseases undertake or injuries sustained in India. Medical expenses up to 30 days for Pre-hospitalization and up to 60 days for post-hospitalization are also admissible. Exclusion clauses apply.Moreover, favourable claims sleep with is recognized by discount and conversely, unfavourableclaims experience attracts loading on renewal premium. On payment of additional premium, the policy can be extended to cover maternity benefit s, pre-existing diseases, and reimbursement of cost of health check-up after four consecutive claims-free years.Royal Sundaram Group The Shakthi Health Shield policy offered by the Royal Sundaram group can be availed by members of the womens group, their spouses and dependent children. No age limits apply. The premium for adults aged up to 45 years is Rs 125 per year, for those aged more(prenominal) than 45 years is Rs 175 per year. Children are covered at Rs 65 per year. Under this policy, hospital benefits up to Rs 7 000 per annum can be availed, with a limit per claim of Rs 5 000. Other benefits include maternity benefit of Rs 3 000 subject to waiting period of nine months after first memorandum and for first two children only. Exclusion clauses apply (Ranson K & Jowett M, 2003)Cholamandalam General Insurance The benefits offered (in association with the Paramount Health Care, a re-insurer) in case of an illness or accident resulting in hospitalization, are cash-free hospitaliz ation in more than 1400 hospitals across India, reimbursement of the expenses during pre- hospitalization (60 days prior to hospitalization) and post- hospitalization (90 days after discharge) stages of treatment. Over 130 minor surgeries that require less than 24 hours hospitalization under day care procedure are also covered.Extra health covers like general health and eye examination, local ambulance service, hospital daily allowance, and 24 hours assistance can be availed of. Exclusion clauses apply. Employer-based schemes.Employers in both the public and private sector offers employer-based insurance schemes through their own employer-managed facilities by way of lump sum payments, reimbursement of employees health expenditure for out forbearing care and hospitalization, fixed medical allowance, periodical or annual irrespective of actual expenses, or covering them under the group health insurance policy. The railways, defence and security forces, plantations sector and mining sector provide medical services and / or benefits to its own employees. The population coverage under these schemes is minimal, about 30-50 million people.2.2 Insurance offered by NGOs / community-based health insuranceCommunity-based gold refer to schemes where members prepay a set amount each year for specified services. The premia are usually flat rate (not income-related) and therefore not progressive. devising profit is not the purpose of these funds, but rather improving access to services. Often there is a problem with adverse selection because of a life-size number of high-risk members, since premiums are not based on assessment of individual risk status. Exemptions may be adopted as a essence of assisting the poor, but this will also have adverse effect on the ability of the insurance fund to meet the cost of benefits.6Community-based schemes are typically targeted at poorer populations living in communities, in which they are involved in defining contribution level and collecting mechanisms, defining the content of the benefit package, and / or allocating the schemes, pecuniary resources (International Labour Office Universities Programme 2002 as quoted in Ranson K & Acharya A, 2003).Such schemes are generally run by trust hospitals or nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). The benefits offered are primarily in terms of preventive care, though ambulatory and in-patient care is also covered. Such schemes tend to be financed through patient collection, government grants and donations. Increasingly in India, CBHI schemes are negotiating with the forprofit insurers for the purchase of custom designed group insurance policies.However, the coverage of such schemes is low, covering about 30-50 million (Bhat, 1999). A review by Bennett, Cresse et al. (as quoted in Ranson K & Acharya A, 2003) indicates that many community-based insurance schemes suffer from poor design and management, fail to include the poorest-of-thepoor, have low membership and require extensive financial support. Other issues relate to sustainability and replication of such schemes. Some examples of community-based health insurance schemes are discussed hereinSelf-Employed Womens Association (SEWA), Gujarat This scheme established in 1992, provides health, life and assets insurance to women working in the informal sector and their families. The enrolment in the year 2002 was 93 000. This scheme operates in collaboration with the National Insurance Company (NIC). Under SEWAs most popular policy, a premium of Rs 85 per individual is paid by the woman for life, health and assets insurance. At an additional payment of Rs 55, her husband too can be covered. Rs 20 per member is then paid to the National Insurance Company (NIC) which provides coverage to a maximum of Rs 2 000 per person per year for hospitalization.After being hospitalized at a hospital of ones choice (public or private), the insurance claim is submitted to SEWA. The responsibility for enrolment of mem bers, for processing and approving of claims rests with SEWA. NIC in turn receives premiums from SEWA annually and pays them a lumpsum on a monthly basis for all claims reimbursed.The Action for Community Organization, Rehabilitation and Development (ACCORD) Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu was established in 1991. Around 13 000 Adivasis (tribals) are covered under a group policy purchased from New India Assurance.Another scheme laid in Tamil Nadu is Kadamalai Kalanjia Vattara Sangam (KKVS) Madurai. This was established in 2000 and covers members of womens self-help groups and their families. Its enrolment in 2002 was around 5 710, with the KKVS work as a third party insurer.The Voluntary Health Services (VHS) Chennai, Tamil Nadu was established in 1963. It offers sliding premium with free care to the poorest. The benefits include discounted rates on both outpatient and inpatient care, with the VHS functioning as both insurer and health care provider. In 1995, its membership was 124 715. Howe ver, this scheme suffers from low levels of cost recovery due to problems of adverse selection.2.3 Social Insurance or mandatory health insurance schemes or government run schemes (namely the ESIS, CGHS)Social insurance is an earmarked fund set up by government with intelligible benefits in return for payment. It is usually compulsory for certain groups in the population and the premiums are determined by income (and hence ability to pay) rather than related to health risk. The benefit packages are standardized and contributions are earmarked for spending on health services The government-run schemes include the cardinal administration Health Scheme (CGHS) and the Employees State Insurance Scheme (ESIS).Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS) Since 1954, all employees of the Central Government (present and retired) some autonomous and semi-government organizations, MPs, judges, freedom fighters and journalists are covered under the Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS). This sc heme was designed to replace the cumbersome and expensive system of reimbursements (GOI, 1994). It aims at providing comprehensive medical care to the Central Government employees and the benefits offered include all outpatient facilities, and preventive and promotive care in dispensaries.Inpatient facilities in government hospitals and approved private hospitals are also covered. This scheme is mainly funded through Central Government funds, with premiums ranging from Rs 15 to Rs 150 per month based on salary scales. The coverage of this scheme has grown substantially with provisionfor the non-allopathic systems of treat as well as for allopathy. Beneficiaries at this moment are around 432 000, spread across 22 cities.The CGHS has been criticized from the point of view of quality and accessibility. Subscribers have complained of high out-of-pocket expenses due to slow reimbursement and incomplete coverage for private health care (as only 80% of cost is reimbursed if referral is m ade to private facility when such facilities are not available with the CGHS).7 Employee and State Insurance Scheme (ESIS) The enactment of the Employees State Insurance Act in 1948 led to formulation of the Employees State Insurance Scheme. This scheme provides protection to employees against loss of wages due to inability to work due to sickness, maternity, disability and death due to employment injury.It offers medical and cash benefits, preventive and promotive care and health education. Medical care is also provided to employees and their family members without fee for service. Originally, the ESIS scheme covered all power-using non-seasonal factories employing 10 or more people. Later, it was extended to cover employees working in all non-power using factories with 20 or more persons. While persons working in mines and plantations, or an organization offering health benefits as good as or better than ESIS, are specifically excluded. Service establishments like shops, hotels, r estaurants, cinema houses, road transport and news papers printing are now covered.The monthly wage limit for enrolment in the ESIS is Rs. 6 500, with a prepayment contribution in the form of a payroll tax of 1.75% by employees, 4.75% of employees wages to be paid by the employers, and 12.5% of the total expenses are borne by the offer governments. The number of beneficiaries is over 33 million spread over 620 ESI centres across states. Under the ESIS, there were 125 hospitals, 42 annexes and 1 450 dispensaries with over 23 000 beds facilities.The scheme is managed and financed by the Employees State Insurance Corporation (a public undertaking) through the state governments, with total expenditure of Rs 3 300 million or Rs 400/- per capita insured person. The ESIS programme has attracted considerable criticism. A report based on patient surveys conducted in Gujarat (Shariff, 1994 as quoted in Ellis R et a, 2000) found that over half of those covered did not seek care from ESIS faci lities. Unsatisfactory nature of ESIS services, low quality drugs, long waiting periods, impudent behaviour of personnel, lack of interest or low intereston part of employees and low awareness of ESI procedures, were some of the reasons cited.8Chapter-3 endThe challenge for the Indian policy-makers is to find ways to improve upon the existing situation in the health sector and to make equitable, affordable and quality health care accessible to the population, especially the poor and the vulnerable sections of the society.It is in a way inevitable that the state reforms its public health delivery system and explores other social security options like health insurance. Implementing regulations would be one, but by no means the best mechanism to contain provider behaviour and costs. This can only be done by developing mechanisms where government and households can together pool their funds. This could be one way of controlling provider behaviour.There is an imperative need to document global and Indian experiences in social health insurance. Different financing options would need to be developed for different target groups. The wide differentials in the demographic, epidemiological status and the delivery capacity of health systems are a serious constraint to a nationally mandated health insurance system. Given the heterogeneity of different regions in India and the regional specifications, one would need to undertake pilot projects to receive more information about the population to be targeted under an insurance scheme and develop options for different population groups.Health policy-makers and health systems research institutions, in collaboration with economic policy study institutes, need to gather information about the prevailing disease burden at various geographical regions to develop standard treatment guidelines, to undertake costing of health services for evolving benefit packages to determine the premium to be levied and subsidies to be given and to map health care facilities available and the institutional mechanisms which need to be in place, for implementing health insurance schemes.Skillbuilding for the personnel involved, and capacity-building ofall the stakeholders involved, would be a critical component for ensuring the success of any health insurance programme.The success of any social insurance scheme would depend on its design, the implementation and monitoring mechanisms which would be set in place and it would also call for restructuring and reforming the health system, and developing the necessary prerequisites to suss out its success.

T.S.Eliot Murder in the Cathedral

T. S. Eliots Murder in the Cathedral break ups the story of Thomas Beckett, a man who reigned as Archbishop of Canterbury during the 12th century in England until his termination in 1170. In order to tell Becketts story, Eliot creates a series of equally interesting characters that each play a crucial role thought the play. The most unique role assemble within the play is the Women ofCanterbury, or the Chorus. finishedout the piece, the Chorus delivers seven chorale odes. These choral odes, when looked at as a collective work tell a story.They begin with brief foreshadowing of events that will occur later in the play, but then quickly jump into necessary storyline mavin which summarizes the events of the pasts, and then immerses the auditory sense into the common mans view of the events in the present. The first choral ode begins with heavy foreshadowing. The Women of Canterbury are drawn towards the Cathedral, but they do non fill in why. At first, there is confusion. They q uestion, Are we drawn by insecurity? Is it the knowledge of safety that that draws our feet towards the Cathedral? As they reach the cathedral however, they come upon a realization. There is not danger for us, and there is no safety in the cathedral. Some presage of an act, which our eyes are compelled to witness, has forced our feet towards the cathedral. They recognize that it is not their own personal danger that draws them closerto the cathedral, but instead the foreshadowing of a horrifying act in which they will be forced to bear witness. It will be an act so terrible, that safety can not even be found within the hallowed halls of the cathedral.After the period of foreshadowing, themood of the first choral ode drasticallyshifts away from the dark and confidential presage of an act to a description of the concrete past. The remainder of the choral ode serves as away to bring the audience up to speed on the extend seven years of Canterburyshistory. While they convey the even ts of the past, the women of Canterbury express a constant lurking fear for the safety of their Archbishop. A perfect example of this common theme found within the first choral ode is in the following stanza, in which the Chorus states Seven years and the summer is over,Seven years since the Archbishop left us, He who was endlessly so kind to his people. But it would not be well if should return. These lines are typical of the first choral ode, for not only do they explain to the audience that the Archbishop Thomas Beckett has been g unity for seven years now, but they fear for his well being and for the wellbeing of Canterbury if he were to return. As the choral ode draws to a close, the Women of Canterbury give forth a sense of unavoidable delay. They say Come happy December, who shall observe you, who shall preserve you? Shall the Son of Man be born again in the covey of scorn?For us, the poor, there is no action, But only to wait and to witness They welcome the month of Dec ember,but then question how it could possibly be a enraptured time. Who would be able to celebrate the Christmas and Advent season with the terrible events that are about to occur? Could the Nazarene bereborn into such scorn? The Women ofCanterbury know that there is puny they can do at this time. They must wait, and then witness the act that they fear. With the commencement of the secondchoral ode, the general mood shifts from confusion and waiting to fear. The Women of Canterbury have been informed that Beckett is go to Canterbury.such(prenominal) an announcement stirs great anxiety amongst them. They fear that their way of life will be disrupted and endangered. They plea to a Thomas who has not to that extent arrived to Return. Quickly. Quietly. Leave us to perish in quiet. You come with applause, you come with rejoicing, but You come bringing death into Canterbury A convict on the house, a doom on yourself, a doom on the world. The women say that though they will be rejoi cing on the outside, their deep insides will be dominated by fear, for they believe that his coming will come hand in hand with his own death.The idea of fear is the general theme in thesecond choral ode, as it constantly recurs throughout the lines. Later in the choral ode, the women say, We are afr assistant in a fear which we cannot know, which we cannot face, which none understands. This illustrates thedepth and complexity of the fear which they are facing, for they know not how to neither combat it nor completely comprehend it. All the people know is that with Thomas comes death upon their home of Canterbury, so the beg him to forswear us, leave us, leave us sullen Dover, andset sail for France. The fear of the second choral ode becomes a reality in the third.The Women of Canterbury know what decision Beckett has made. They tell him, We have not been happy, my ennoble, we have not been too happy. We are not ignorant women, we know what we must expect and not expect. By ax iom this, the Women of Canterbury specify that they understandthe consequences that Thomas has chosen by staying in Canterbury. They know that he will perish if he stays. Then the women begin to despair. They cry, God gave us always some reason, some apply but now a new terror has soiled us, which none can avert, and, God is leaving us, God is leaving us, more pang, more ail than birth or death. The Women of Canterbury, who always took faith in the idea the God was protecting their Archbishop, believe that Thomas has turned away from the Lords protection by deciding to remain at Canterbury, for not even God could protect him from the wrath of what was yet to come. The fourth choral ode that opens up the second act heads in a completely different direction than the intense despair of the third choral ode. Instead, this choral ode is more accepting, for the chorus knows that the death of Beckett is coming. Nature is used throughout this choral ode to foreshadow his death.At one po int theWomen of Canterbury say, The starved exult baby-sits in the field, attentiveand in the wood the owl rehearses the hallow note of death. The starved crow that they speak of symbolizes the Four Knights, who arrive in Canterburyshortly after the choral ode is delivered. The owl symbolizes the result of their visit to Canterbury a death, a death that they fear will be brought upon Thomas. Though they have accepted the situation, the Women of Canterbury feel helpless, for all they can do between that moment and Thomass death is wait.Asthere is nothing they can do, they say,We wait, and the time is short, but the waiting is long. As the fifth choral ode begins, the helplessness from the fourth choral ode carries over, but this time it is coupled with an air of guilt. The Women of Canterbury are stuck in an in between zone. They bemoan Now is too late for action, too soon for contrition. Nothing is possible but the shamed swoon Of those consenting to the last humiliation. I hav e consented, Lord Archbishop, have consented. The women realize that the wheel is turning and the eternal action leading to Becketts doom is in motion.They are in despair, for it is too late for them to try and aid their Archbishop, but too soon for them to seek forgiveness for allowing Beckett to be killed. The murder of their Archbishop is a matter that they are taking personal responsibility for, and they view it as a humiliation to them all. Their final cry of I have consented, Lord Archbishop truly isolates and illustrates the immense guilt that they have brought upon themselves. The Women of Canterbury believe that by standing away and allowing the Knights to threaten Thomas, they have consented to his murder.All they have left is helplessness, guilt, and like always, waiting. The sixth choral ode is met with a shiftfrom helplessness to intense distress. Archbishop Thomas Beckett has just been murdered, and the Women of Canterbury feel as if they, along with all of Canterbur y, have been stained with their Archbishops blood. The chorus screams Clear the air Clean the sky Wash thewind ascertain the Stone from the stone, take the skin from the arm, Take the muscle from the bone, and wash them. Wash the stone, wash the bone, wash the brain,Wash the soul, wash them wash them As shown, the Women of Canterbury become obsessed with trying to wash themselves clean of Becketts blood. Such words confirm that the Women of Canterbury see not only the Four Knights as Thomas Becketts killer, but themselves as well. They feel severe regret, proclaiming We did not wish anything to croak We understood the private catastrophe, The personal loss, the general misery, Living and partly living These lines show that, though they believe that they were a part of the murder, they were unintentionally involved.They did not mean for any illwill to come upon their Archbishop, but through their lack of action, their living and partly living, they allowed Beckett to face a traged y, a tragedy that they were completely aware of, alone. The Women of Canterbury abandoned their Lord, and they do notknow how to deal with their despair The final choral ode begins not with despair, but instead with grateful praise to an all powerful God. The entire choral ode reads like one long prayer of praise, thanks, and then contrition to a merciful God. At points,the Women of Canterbury even go as far as to compare their deceased Archbishop to Jesus Christ.In its beginning, they say, We praise Thee, O God, for Thy glory displayed in all the creatures The Women of Canterbury then go on to on to show their gratitude to God by respectfully praying, We thank Thee for Thy mercies of blood, for Thy redemption by blood. For the blood of Thy martyrs and saints. By these words, the Women of Canterbury are thanking God for redeeming their souls with theblood of Thomas, their Archbishop. Through these lines, Eliot is comparingthe murder of Thomas Beckett to the death of Jesus Christ on the cross, saying that both died to save the souls of those around them.Finally, the Woman of Canterbury seek contrition, pleading, Forgive us, O Lord, we acknowledge ourselves as type of the common man, of the men and women who shut the door and sit by the fire. On one level, they ask forgiveness for standing by and doing nothing to prevent Becketts death, for they are just common men. If read more deeply however, they return to the Christ like image of Beckett. The common men askfor forgiveness, for like Peter, theysat by the fire and denied their Lord.Just as Peter allowed Christ to die, so the Women of Canterbury allowed Thomas Beckett to die. The seven choral odes in T. S. Eliots Murder in the Cathedral tell the story of the common mans view of the events that occurred during that fateful December of 1170 in Canterbury. Through foreshadowing and interesting use of language, T. S. Eliot crafts the Chorus to be one of, if not the most fascinating character found within the whole play. Their unique sentiment on Thomas Becketts murder truly makes Murder in the Cathedral one of the greatest plays of the 20th Century.

Persuasive Essay: Legalizing Marijuana Essay

Marijuana function is on the rise, especially among teenagers and young adults. With the recent laws passed in eight states about legalizing medical hacka more , more groundwork divided when it comes to this never ending debate, but I firmly believe that this miracle working medicate should be legalized throughout the United States.Marijuana is by farther the intimately comm precisely personad illegal drug. Statistics acquaint that over 70 million Ameri rumps suck in tried Marijuana and over 20 million consume it last year. So it is safe to assume that although marijuana employment may decrease in the long time to come, as did Heroin and LSD, it is here to stay. Colorado, Nevada, Alaska, California, Hawaii, Maine, Oregon & Washington have already passed laws allowing the use of medical Marijuana. In the fall of 1996, California voters approved the medical marijuana initiative (proposition 215). The act is entitled The Compassionate wont Act of 1996 and its purpose is to give Californians the right to possess and grow marijuana for medical purposes, where the medical use is deemed appropriate and has been recommended by a doctor who has determined the persons health would benefit from the use of marijuana in the interactment of Cancer, anorexia, AIDS, chronic pain, spasticity, glaucoma, arthritis, migraines, or any some other illness for which marijuana provides relief. nix in the act permits persons exploitation marijuana for medical purposes to engage in conduct that endangers others, allows distribution of marijuana for non medical purposes or permits the buying or selling of marijuana. Dennis Peron, the man who launched proposition 215 also started the cannabis buyers auberge in San Francisco. The purpose behind starting this companionship was to distribute weed to AIDS, cancer and other patients. With only a doctors note the clubs 12,000members could buy pot and then relax while comprehend to music, nothing harmful at all And of course t he San Francisco police department eventually closed the club down.The main idea behind legalizing drugs is its medical advantages. Marijuana is verbalise to have many uses as healing drug. Marijuana being used as medicine has been studied for many years. In many cultures it is used as medicine and stems back many generations. The first recorded use of marijuana as medicine was in China. It has been said that in Pen Tsao Ching during the first or second century, boiled hemp compound was used as an anesthetic for surgical patients. The compound is said to have many uses including, clarification the blood, cooling temperature, clearing fluxes, undoing rheumatism and discharging pus from patients. China isnt the only country to use this drug in early times it was introduced in Southeast Asia in the sixteenth century. Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam are said to have current uses of marijuana for medicine. In Cambodia they have an enormous list of uses, including, treating malaria, reli ving asthma, calming the nerves, regularization the heart and treating paralysis. In Thailand, its used in folk medicine as well as in the official medical reports. In folk medicine, people dry the leaves and then boil them to treat migraines and dizzy spells.Marijuana has survived the passing of time and still helps the sick today. The advanced stages of treatment for patients with Cancer, AIDS and other diseases often include, terrible nausea, vomiting, and different types of pain. Patients have reported much relief from these devastating symptoms by using marijuana. The alleviation of said symptoms can be so striking that some patients and their families having been willing to risk lock in time to obtain or grow marijuana. Marijuana must be studied and tested more to prove effectiveness but because it is not legal, doctors dont want to study a drug that they could never use.In 1988 administrative law judge Francis Young found that marijuana in its natural form is unrivaled of the safest therapeutically active substances known to man. At present it is estimated that marijuanas lethal dose is around 120,000 or 140,000. Or simply put, a tobacco user would theoretically have toconsume 20,000 to 40,000 times as much marijuana as is contained in one marijuana cigarette or joint, nearly 1500 pounds of marijuana in about fifteen minutes to feature a lethal response. Which basically means marijuana is non-lethal, as it is impossible to consume that much in such a short amount of time. Advocates of legalization raise several points. They claim the there would be fewer people selling drugs because it would be regulated and profits would be cut. They also claim that drug-dealing criminals would just about vanish causing crime and violence rates to plummet.Legalizing marijuana raises a lot of questions for instance, who would sell the drugs? reclusive companies? The government? How would legalization affect health insurance and the overall cost of healthcare? And probably the most important question of all, would the use of legalized drugs by employees in certain occupations be prohibited? Since marijuana can remain in the body for weeks after use, would marijuana use by employees in jobs in which preventive and security are issues be forbidden, even when off the clock? What about airline pilots, surgeons, police, firefighters, military personnel, plenty drivers, railroad engineers, cross country truckers, nuclear reactor operators and even wall street brokers and teachers As far as America is concerned, we are the land of the free . Or are we? Do people have a right to get high? As times falsify and we progress into the future should our laws change as well? Only time will tell as the war against drugs wages on and the fight to legalized marijuana leaves a country divided.Work CitedLaFave, Kathi. Marijuana As Medicine?.www.personal.umd.umich.edu/marcyb/mj/lafave.html.online.1999Miller, Lawrence Richard. The Case For Legalizing Drugs. b rand-new York Praeger, 1991Schaler, Jeffrey A. Drugs. New York Prometheus Books, 1998Zimmer, Lynn, Morgan ,John P. Marijuana Myths Marijuana Facts. New YorkLindesmith Center, 1997.

Bsa 375 Sr-Rm-022 Part 1

Myrna Bravo Riordan Manufacturing is in need of updating their decrepit HRIS transcription to stay profitable. This constitution give move from the legacy outline, incorporated with the financial trunk, into a new standal whizz system utilize of goods and servicesd to integrate all of the HR tools within the system presently. In 1992 Riordan Manufacturing opened its doors to the serviceman Resources Department. At that time the system, HRIS, was integrated to be cohesive with the financial system.Now, 20 years later, the system has seen better days as it continues to utilize both outdated hardw ar to surpass the system and processing methods for the latest data associated with the system. Riordan Chief Operations Officer, Hugh McCauley, has reached out to find a champion standal iodine solution to their need for an updated HRIS. This solution is aimed at becoming more sophisticated, state of the art reading system in the Human Resources Department. Initial Evaluation Rio rdan Manufacturing currently operates one system for seven different facets of the Human Resources Department.This system is responsible for the following info employee teaching, training and development records, open positions and applications, performance and attendance, compensation, employee relations, and the original financial suite as well. Each individual facet has its own key personnel that use the systems one by one to the other systems. Some aspects of the system ar still in hard copy forms kept in locked cabinets in the offices of the personnel responsible for them. Workers compensation is maintained by a third-party g everywherenment that maintains their own records.Key Stakeholders Key stakeholders will include the end users of each system that is in use at this time. This underside be organized into a JAD session for each area to acquire the randomness in a brain storming environment instead of the feeling of an interrogation. The culture of the organization wi ll lend valuable information to developing the system. In addition to the end users that incline with the software daily both Yvonne McMillan, theater director of HR, and Maria Trinh, Chief Information Officer, will be conferenced with the stakeholders to provide their perspectives of the requirements.Maria will be brought in to the requirements compendium to provide information and resources of the physical requirements while agreeing upon acceptable and favorable terms for the system as a whole. Yvonne will be brought in as an overall eye of the system. Her point of view will be more thorough about the system than the end users. Her sight is of an overall understanding whereas the end users whole see their portion. Other key stakeholders will be advised of the information and updated to the progress as the information becomes available.The other key stakeholders will include the other executives of Riordan Manufacturing. Information Gathering and Analysis Tools It is importan t to deplete information heap uping techniques so that no information can be overlooked. The information system that we are looking for must meet the requirements of the organization and the employees that will be using the system. The first part of information gathering should consist of identifying information sources.The main sources of information in the company should be employees who use the system and will be using the new one because they can tell you what works and what does not work or basically whats good about this system so that we can implement it in the new system. Another source is forms and documents that have been used in the past for example accreditation paperwork or system requirement paperwork. There are also procedure manuals, rule books and reports that can be used to gather information as well.Once the analyst have identified proper sources they will then view the current system and determine the systems problem areas as seen by the people who currently us e the system and from that develop the SRS (Systems Requirements Specification) which is a tool that analyst use to specify what information requirements will be provided and also can be used for detailed design of the system. The SRS should be complete, specify operational, tactical, and strategic information requirements, it should eliminate possible arguments between users and analysts and it should use graphical aids easily understood by users who are not computer savvy.Information Gathering,n. d). Techniques to Gather Requirements Several techniques are available to gather requirements information about the system. These can include interviews, documentation, and sequestered input by dint of surveys or other mediums. Ideally one of the intimately effective means of gathering this information is with interviews of the people that use the system most often. While dealing with interviews we need to make the most of the time available and as such one of the best means is by util izing a Joint Application Development session.This will provide the interviewees the king to freely share ideas of what is wrong with the system, what is right with the system, and what is neutral. JAD will provide more information than individual interviews. The use cases ability will provide us access to the system to walk mensuration by step through the system processes to discover how the system is for untrained personnel, resource management, and reliability. This will provide us with information that is not obtained by any other means in certain terms.The information gathering process will continue to the end of the purge by the stakeholders providing feedback based on results. As we proceed through the design and development of the system we will have the ability to test each phase. This testing will provide the stakeholders with an opportunity to provide information based on the results. Information gathering will be continuous for Maria Trinh and her department as we wil l require their input about system seniority and down time allotted for the new system. This information will be obtained at the inception of the project and built into the application.If the time frame provided from Maria Trinh in regards to down time is not obtainable, negotiations will lay out to find a favorable median up time to maintenance time. I propose categorizing the requirements into utilitarian requirements, operational requirements, technical requirements, and transitional requirements. The functional requirements get how the user thinks the system is functioning overall, the operational requirements define what background processes need to be executed in order for the system to work optimally over a period of time, the technical requirements define what echnical issues that must be addressed in order to successfully implement the system, and the transitional requirements define the processes or steps needed to implement the system smoothly and successfully. throw up Scope Project ambit is the part of project planning that involves determining and documenting a make of detail project goals, deliverables, tasks, costs and deadlines (Rouse of TechTarget. com).This scope should include the following (Dummies. om,2012)Justification How and why your project came to be, the business need(s) it addresses, the scope of work to be performed, and how it will affect and be affected by other related activities.Objectives The products, services, and/or results your project will produce (also referred to as deliverables).Product scope description The features and functions of the products, services, and/or results your project will produce.Product credenza criteria The process and criteria for accepting completed products, services, or results.Constraints Restrictions that limit what you can achieve, how and when you can achieve it, and how much achieving it can cost.Assumptions Statements about how you will address uncertain information as you concei ve, plan, and perform your project.ConclusionAll of the information gathered through JAD Sessions interviews and hands on experiences will be set into current attribute categories. Each of these categories will be divided to show the good aspects and the bad aspects of the application. All of this will be agreed upon unanimously in a last JAD session to determine what the actual requirements are that need to be placed into the requirements list. The requirements list will then be compiled to form the foundation of the scope and feasibleness of the project. After the scope and feasibility have been accepted by the organization we will begin the development process.

Business Law: Man U Break Clause Rooney Essay

Manchester united Footballer Wayne Rooney signs current arrive worth 30 million. Discuss the essentials of such(prenominal) a extort with particular cite to the function and efficacy of the break article and confidentiality organisation it contains.1,500 words.Guidance You do not have to establish Waynes actual contract you do have to discuss the essentials of a contract.You must discuss evidence legal injury.What is a break clause? What is a confidentially conformity? What is the purpose of such clauses?Do they treasure the parties to the contract?Do not forget to cite slipperiness uprightness.The issue that will be discussed in this essay is the break clause/exemption and confidentiality agreement with regards to Wayne Rooneys contract with Manchester United. An exemption clause, like any(prenominal) otherwise term, will be incorporated into a contract if it is contained in a signed document this was shown in the case of LEstrange v Graucob (1934) where the purchaser of a vending machine was intimidate by a very wide exemption clause contained in the small print on the order form which she had signed. A break clause is a term in a tenancy agreement that allows a tenant to leave before the tenancy period comes to an end, without incurring any pecuniary penalty. It is not unusual for a contract clause regarding proprietary information to also be include in many types of agreements. Break clauses be inserted as standard in contracts in Spanish football, and ar universally related to the total wages the player will earn throughout his contract.The insertion of a break clause gives the player (Rooney) the freedom to move if his valuation is met, but it also protects the club against players who get wind to force cut-price deals. In terms of Wayne Rooney and Manchester United FC, Wayne Rooney is thought to have negotiated a break clause in his new five-year contract with Manchester United says an article in the Times. The striker can leave for as little as 30million if reliable targets are not met on a year-by-year basis. obligate 17 of the FIFA Transfer Regulations states that players can unilaterally cancel their contract with their club after a certain protected period has expired if an amount of compensation is paid to their original club. For players over the age of 28 the protected period for their contract is two years, meaning they will be able to unilaterally hold on their contract when they are two years into it.This rule applies to footballers under the age of 28. Rooney is 24 and therefore his protected period for contract is three years, meaning he will be able to unilaterally rout out his contract once he is three years into it however Rooney is not bound by this because he has his own break clause within his own contract that allows him to leave at any while if he is offered a minimum of 30 million. Some contracts have what is known as a confidentiality agreement, this is a written legal contract min gled with an employer and employee. The confidentiality agreement lays out binding terms and conditions of which prohibit Wayne Rooney from disclosing club confidentials on Manchester United.The purpose of a confidentiality contract is that it creates certainty, establishes a contractual obligation, ensures enforcement and supports a claim under general faithfulness because it creates the dealingship of confidence that is the basis of many claims and it sets out in detail the conduct which the disclosing political party expects from the recipient). A confidentiality agreement is in effect for the duration of an employees employment and for a period of era following employment termination of which is the period of 5 years in this case. In the following case by Seager Limited v Copydex Limited 1967 2 All ER 415, Lord Denning MR established the rationale that even if you do not have a confidentiality agreement in place, under equity law a soulfulness who has received information in confidence cannot take unfair advantage of it. That person must not make use of it to the prejudice of the person who gave it without obtaining his or her consent.A contract is an agreement between two or more parties. A contract is defined as, an agreement made between two or more persons or entities with specific terms made between two or more persons or companies promising to do something in return for money or moneys worth. A contract begins with an offer. The offer is an expression of willingness to contract on certain terms. It allows the other party to admit the offer and provides the basis of the agreement. To be effective, an offer must be communicated, this is to say that there cannot be acceptation of an offer without knowledge of it. A valid contract requires an agreement an intention to create legal relations as shown in the case of Balfour v. Balfour 1919 2 K.B. 571, here the courts found that both parties must intend that an agreement be legally binding in order to be an enforceable contract and consideration (unless the agitate is made by deed).Whilst each of these three requirements receives separate treatment, they must in reality be looked at together. The rights and duties of both employers and employees are to be found in the contract of employment, they are referred to as terms of a contract. Some of these terms are express terms that is they are expressly or specifically stated, any orally, say at the initial interview, or in writing. Express terms include things like pay, hours and holidays. The law states that certain express terms must be put in writing and handed to the employee in the form of a written statement of particulars within 8 weeks of starting work. There are other contractual terms called implied terms. These are not expressly or explicitly stated because, in the main, they are fairly obvious to both parties to the contract of employment. Occasionally the courts will imply a term in a contract of employment where an important term has been left out.Implied terms include statutory rights, such as the right to equal pay and duties such as a duty of care. Each contract clause contained within an agreement is aimed at defining the rights, privileges, and commitments that each party has determined represent the terms govern their working relationship. This is the purpose of such clauses. For example, in this football employment contract, Manchester United agrees to provide Wayne Rooney with a specific set of benefits, such as salary, health insurance, a retirement plan, a football aggroup transfer and any other benefit that both parties have agreed is necessary. At the same time, the contract will contain clauses that determine the range of services that Rooney will provide in exchange for these benefits. The theme is to include as much detail as possible, so that there is very little populate for misinterpretation of what is expected of each party.

Research Paper on William Butler Yeats

The Irish Rebellion of 1641, his m other reading Irish folktales to him as a child, and William Blakes use of fiction influenced William butler Yeats to write The Curse of the Fire and the Shadows. Yeats is a huge part of 20th century slope and Irish literature and one of the most all-important(prenominal) writers that started the Irish Literary Revival and was responsible for starting a his own literary club cal guide The Rhymers conjunction. In addition to being a great poet Yeats was al meanss prominent in writing neat stories and plays. whiz of Yeats individual characteristics is his split sense of certain situations. He was very spiritual and all the same managed to pay heed to a skeptical sense of artistic detachment. His beliefs were late torn amidst his interest in mysticism and the inner workings of the universe to his faith in god and his spiritual being. Yeats was a man deeply seeded in the mountain some him. This being a lot of the subjects in all of his writin g, Yeats alike wrote ab come to the fore love, the mind, spirituality, mysticism, fiction, substantiveity, war, and even somewhattimes flirted with head of fascism.Being born and raised in Ireland Yeats identified with the slew and their struggles against England but he didnt agree with their passiveness and throughout lifetime he had attempted to amend the situation by semipolitical means. Although a lot of the conflict had been settled through war, like the Irish Rebellion of 1641. The Irish Rebellion was fought between the catholic Irish rebels and the English and Scottish Protestants that controlled the area. The conflict arose when some Irish Catholics attempted a coup to overthrow the English administration. Their goal was to force them to allow the Catholics their sanctioned religious rights.Although their coup failed it was the spark that started the Irish Rebellion of 1641 also known as the Irish follower wars. A war that lasted from 1641 to 1649 and was fought in Ireland itself. The Irish fought with besides about 5,000 s white-hairediers against Englands army of 19,000. Despite the axiomatic advantage the English held, the Irish had managed to kill some 3,000 English and Scottish soldiers in the first mesh of the war. Although the mainly Puritan English parliament had used yellow journalism to deceive the people of England and verbalize that hundreds of thousands were murdered by the Irish catholic scum.Though this was just a political tactic apply by parliament to steal power away from King Charles I and sully his reputation as the king of England. Parliament distrusted him so much that they feared he would use the Irish against the Puritans in the English urbane war that begun in 1642. In the midst of all the political scandal parliament had begun to recruit much soldiers for the war from both England and Scotland. Although it had already been too late because the Irish had already gained control of the area and make their own pr ovisional government in Kilkenny.At first Charles I had ordered James Butler who was the duke of Oromonde and lord lieutenant of Ireland to negotiate a treaty to end the war. Except that the parliament in capital of the United Kingdom and the new parliament in Dublin had both refused the terms of this agreement. By 1645 Charles I had been captured by Cromwell. too Ormonde was named the head of the confederacy that was the agreed upon union between the Royalists and the Puritans in Ireland. Although not everyone had agreed to be led by Ormonde. Murrough OBrien of Inchiquin an Irish Protestant that had been posted in the town of Munster.Rather than just rejecting the new estabblishment he had burned Munster to the ground on orders from Parliament, earning him the nickname Murrough of the burnings. Murrough wasnt alone in the opposition of Ormonde, a lot of the people who refused the new leaders were Irish catholic rebels that did not like the idea of working together with their old e nemies. The war had reached its climax when Colonel Michael Jones had attacked and removed Ormonde from his position at the battle of Rathmines on idealistic 2, 1649. On August 13, 1649 Oliver Cromwell had set sail to decimate the remaining rebel stronghold.Scotland native Sir Fredrick Hamilton who was somewhat of a celebrity in Ireland and England was given land in Leitrim, northwest of Ireland in 1622. Over the next 20 years he had built his castle to 18,000 acres. Manorhamilton had constantly come under attack during the Irish rebellion of 1641 and the castles defenses had managed to survive the onslaught. In 1642 in retaliation for the ORourke clans cattle raids Hamilton had attacked the nearby buildings even Sligo Abbey didnt survive the attack.After which Hamilton and his men had returned to manorhamilton although on the way it as said that Hamiltons men had snuff it lost and were offered help from from a guide on a white horse and instead he led them off a cliff. This legen d ended up being the subject for the short story The Curse of the Fire and the Shadows by William B. Yeats. The work of William Butler Yeats is a direct reflection of his life, his inspiration, and his families influence. Yeats was born in Dublin on June 13, 1865. His father, John Butler Yeats, was a barrister who came from a long lineage of land owners tracing all the way back to the 18th century.His mother, Susan Pollexfen had come from a fairly wealthy merchant family. His father was a supporter of nationalism and the nationalist movement in the country. Initially wanting to be lawyer, John Butler was studying law at the time of his wedlock but abandoned the study and moved to England in 1876 when Yeats was only 2 so he could engender a painter. Yeats was brought up in an extremely aristocratic family and this had a big impact on his life and his writing. Yeats childhood was marked by events like the momentum of nationalism and a lot of societies shift from universality to Puri tanism.His father also decided to renounce their familys Christian faith and instead of reading and interest rationalists like John Stuart he read the works of William Blake and Walt Whitman. This was one of the first times Yeats had been exposed to English poetry as a child. On January 26 1876, William Yeats was sent to the Godolphin primary school where he canvass for the next quad years and unexpectedly performed poorly in both math and english. In 1880 imputable to financial problems, the family returned to Dublin and Yeats enrolled into Erasmus Smith High instruct. Then in 1883 he attended the Metropolitan School of Art.While attending college Yeats published his first two works that ulterior appeared in the Dublin University Review. It was subsequently(prenominal) in his college career that Yeats had made the decision to move on from his artistic career and further his abilities as an author. Since then he started writing poems on various themes and plays. His initial w orks were deeply influenced with the creations of great poet Percy B. Shelley, and later shifted towards pre-Raphaelite verse and Irish myth and traditions. In his maturing years, Yeats came to appreciate the writing of William Blake. A year later his family decided to make the move back to capital of the United Kingdom.Yeats openly opposed the age of science and often surd more on the view astronomy. Yeats interest in mysticism, spiritualism, astrology and occultism drew criticism from his colleagues who dismissed it as a lack of intellectuality. His first serious work, The Isle of Statutes, was a fantasy poem and was published in Dublin University Review. In 1886, he published a pamphlet Mosada A Dramatic Poem followed by The Wanderings of Orisin and Other Poems, published in 1889. By 1890 Yeats was already an important part of the literary and artistic scenes in London. He even founded his own club called The Rhymers Club.Its members nicknamed the tragic generation included writ ers Lionel Johnson, Ernest Dawson, John Davidson, and Arthur Simmons. It was ar. corresponding every other English poet of the time Yeats had experienced unrequited love. Her name was Maud Gonne, she was a poet and strong feminist who like Yeats, was very involved with the ideal of nationalism. Yeats had proposed to her and was rejected because of his lack participation in nationalist activism. Yeats coercion with Maud Gonne had almost been unnatural, Ross quotes from Yeats memoirs I had never thought to see in a living womanhood so great beauty.It belonged to famous pictures, to poetry, to some legendary past. A complexion like the blossom of apples, and yet vista and body had the beauty of lineaments which Blake calls the highest beauty because it changes least from youth to age, and a stature so great that she seemed of a divine race (3). Yeats was madly in love and extremely obsessed. He had believed in Blakes standards so strongly that they become his own and in his eyes Maud Gonne had met them all. For this reason she was the subject of his affection and his art and she knew this well.This being yet another reason she had denied Yeats marriage proposals over and over again. She knew herself to be his muse and nothing more, she was his living inspiration. From 1902 to 1908 Yeats had become involved with the theater, as a result he had written less poetry during this time. During this period he also began to remake himself. This process would last for the next 37 years by and by which Yeats wrote Myself I mustiness Remake. A poem about his 37 year long experience of his own revitalization what it meant to him. In 1917 Yeats married Georgie Hyde-Lees and released The Swans at Coole, a collection of his poetry.Yeats and his wife had two children, Ann Butler Yeats and William Michael Yeats. As roaring a poet and writer Yeats had become at this time he had yet to achieve any political success. Politics being an interest of his and combining his fame and artistic abilities as a writer together would call for made him very popular with the public. Yet it wasnt until 1922 when the Irish Free State was established that he had been elect as a senator, and re- pick out for a second term in 1925. Soon after he had been elected a hand arose on divorce that Yeats had viewed as a confrontation between Catholics and Puritans.When the catholics had flat out refused divorce all together and decided to outlaw divorce Yeats had released a series of speeches attacking the goverment and the clergy. Yeats give tongue to that for Puritans marriage isnt a religious sacrement but the proof of the love a man and a woman have for eachother and that it would seem sacrilegious if the church were to force two people who hate eachother to live together. The debate has described as one of Yeats greatest public moments and marked his movement from pluralism to direct religious confrontation. One of the most important writers to Yeats was a man named Wi lliam Blake.Encouraged by his father Yeats had begun to read the works of Blake around age 15. In 1889, Yeats had studied and learned so much about Blake that he got together with his fathers shoplifter and poet, Edwin Ellis in editing the 3 works of Blake, Poetic, Symbolic, and Critical. In the revised edition they had also included a 172 page memoir of Blakes life, an explanation of his symbolic system, and their interpretations of the poems. Ross also writes Yeats recollects that early in their acquaintance Ellis handed him a scrap of notepaper on which he had written an interpretation of To the Jews, the preface to the second chapter of Jerusalem.The four quarters of London represented Blakes four great mythological personages, the Zoas, and also the four elements(3). Yeats believed that these lines were the key to understanding and interpreting Blakes philosophical system and makes the connection between his system and that of Swedenborg or of Boehme. So it was with this proo f that Yeats bad determined Ellis interpretation was real and that was all they needed to begin their work on the prophetic works of Blake. Ross writes on the relationship between Yeats and William Blake No writer meant more to Yeats, early, middle, and late.Blake provided Yeats with nothing less that a sacred literature in which he could renew himself and in relationship to which he could orient himself as a poet and thinker (2). Yeats considered Blake to be the only protect he knew and in his opinion his writing grew more interesting and also more cloud with each passing year. Also there was no writer that Yeats quoted more, not even Percy Shelley. In addition, patch criticizing a lecture by Yeats, Ross states Yeats devotion to Blake never waned, even as he shed other habiliments of the 1890s, including, to some extent, Shelley (2).As this crucial an influence as Shelley is known to be this quote further cements the idea of how important Blake was to Yeats through his entire car eer, from beginning to end. Toward the end of Yeats life mainly after the Wall pass crash and the great depression had begun. Critics began to arise and ask questions about whether or not a popular society could survive a great economic depression. It was during this time that Yeats had begun to associate with fascist ideals and even explicit admiration for Benito Mussolini.Yeats had begun to think that in the aftermath of the depression Europe would be reconstructed through totalistic rule. Then in 1933 at the age of 68 Yeats had grown very sick and had to receive a Steinbach rejuvenation surgery a year later. Even after this he had continued writing and released four verse plays, a poetry book called A Full Moon in March, and the final edict of A Vision. His last poems were published after his death in 1939 but arrangements couldnt be made for his funeral until after World War II, at which point his body was taken to Sligo, where he was buried.